Adoption: The Oft Overlooked Opportunity
Every day, children whose parents
feel they aren't equipped to raise them are adopted by caring parents
into loving homes. These parents love their adopted children as if they
were their own. Adoption can sometimes be the best solution to an unplanned
pregnancy. Adoptions can also bring unimaginable joy into the lives of
couples who might not be able to have children of their own. Adoption
is also good for children who, if not adopted, might not be given the
care they need or worse, might be aborted.
Since no federal agency has
collected statistics on adoption since 1975, it is hard to know how many
occur each year. During the 1990's, all adoptions, including adoptions
by relatives, averaged about 120,000 per year 1. This means that around
120,000 children and about that many couples are blessed each year through
the process of adoption.
A Life-Giving Choice
In a nation where more than a million children are aborted annually, adoption
is an option that is often overlooked by women who are facing a crisis
pregnancy. Unfortunately, many women who find themselves unexpectedly
pregnant decide to have an abortion before even considering the possibility
of putting their child up for adoption.
A great many factors can influence
a woman's decision about her pregnancy, but it appears that a strong preference
for avoiding adoption exists. There seems to be a negative attitude in
our society toward birthmothers who choose adoption. This attitude must
change. Birthmothers who choose adoption should be given the respect and
support they deserve. Letting someone else care for your child if you
are unable isn't a sign of weakness but one of strength, love, and compassion.
It is important that women in crisis pregnancies realize that letting
their child be adopted does not make them less of a mother. It shows a
self-less and motherly attitude since the women who opt for adoption are
thinking about their children's best interest, not their own. However,
statistics show that only a small percentage (around 2%) of unmarried,
pregnant women choose adoption for their child. These statistics are even
more unsettling when we consider that 30 to 40 couples wait for every
available newborn2.
Right to Life of Michigan hopes
to change these numbers by increasing access to information and resources
related to adoption. Women need to know that there are options available
to them. Some women feel that they aren't ready for a child so they decide
to abort, while other women work two to three jobs so they can raise enough
funds to support their children. Fortunately, keeping the child and abortion
are not the only answers to an unexpected pregnancy.
The Various Options
for Adoption
One of the most beautiful aspects of adoption is that it allows the birth
parents various options from which to choose. Most women do not know that
the Michigan adoption law allows them choices in the adoption process.
Many agencies and adoptive parents are willing to work with the various
needs of the birth parents. A child's birth parents might not be comfortable
with adoption unless they are able to have contact with their child. Other
birth parents wouldn't be comfortable unless the adoption was confidential.
Different kinds of adoption can accommodate most circumstances. The following
are different types of adoption from which birth mothers can choose.
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Confidential Adoption - In a confidential adoption, privacy is ensured for both the birth parent(s) and the adoptive parents. If adoptees wish to meet their birth parent(s) when they become an adult, and the birth parent(s) also want to meet, arrangements may be made through Mutual Consent Adoption Registries.
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Semi-Open Adoption - In a semi-open adoption, the birth parent(s) may be allowed to select the adoptive parent(s) for their child. This includes possibly meeting the adoptive couple. There may be an exchange of pictures, gifts and a non-identifying letter(s) through the first year or longer.
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Open Adoption - Open adoption includes sharing identifying information including names and addresses, and the potential for ongoing contact between birth families and adoptive families.
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Identified Adoption - If the birth parent(s) knows of somone who wishes to adopt their child, the adoptive couple may be referred to the proper agency to help with the adoption plan.
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Pre-Adoptive Foster Care - If the birth parent(s) is reasonably certain about the placement of the child into a particular adoptive home, the child may be placed there through a pre-adoptive foster care arrangement. This assures that the child can be placed into the adoptive home directly after birth so the child can bond with the new adoptive parent(s) while the adoption proceedings are finalized.
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Temporary Foster Care - If the birth parent(s) is unsure about releasing the child for adoption, the child may be placed into temporary foster care until the legal waiting period is complete. Many birth parents choose this option to allow themselves time to consider their decision. If they change their minds and decide to parent, this option spares potential adoptive parents undue grief.
The Role of Adoption
Agencies
Private adoption agencies play a vital role in U.S. adoptions. These agencies
account for about half of the adoptions in the U.S. every year. Adoption
agencies help a birth-mother through her pregnancy, the process of adoption
and choosing the family that adopts her child. Most adoption agencies
also work with hopeful parents, making sure they are capable of raising
a child and assist with post adoption issues. Many agencies also work
on a personal level with the pregnant woman and the hopeful couple to
make the adoption work for everyone. Not all adoption agencies provide
the same services so it is important that birth and adoptive parents ask
questions to an adoption agency and request referrals before choosing
which agency to work with.
Special Needs Adoptions
When looking to adopt, many couples are looking for a newborn infant.
However, the number of infants who are up for adoption in America is small
so some couples opt to adopt children with "special needs" who
are waiting in foster care for a permanent family. These children may
fit into one or more of the following categories:
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Children who many have emotional, learning, physical or mental impairments
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Children who must be placed in the same home along with their brothers and/or sisters
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Minority children of all ages
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Older children over the age of five years old
Most of these children have
experienced trauma in their past including neglect and/or physical, emotional,
and sexual abuse. These children need a permanent, stable home so they
can grow up in a healthy environment. A special needs adoption might not
be the correct fit for every couple looking to adopt but thousands of
couples and children have grown and cultivated important parent-child
relationships through special needs adoptions.
U.S. Government Helping
the Adoption Process
The rewards of adopting a child are obvious for adopting parents. The
joy of a new addition to the family, the chance to love a child who might
not otherwise receive equivalent care, and the ability to help a woman
who is in a crisis pregnancy are just a few of the many rewards that are
reaped through adoption. Though adoption is rewarding, it can be quite
costly from a financial point of view. In lieu of this, our national government
recently passed the Hope for Children Act. This law will make the adoption
process more affordable for adoptive parents, especially couples that
adopt from overseas. The Hope for Children Act doubles the amount of refundable
tax available to adoptive parents. This new one-time tax credit will permanently
give $10,000 per adopted child to parents who have a gross income of up
to $150,000. This is a change from the old policy which gave a $5,000
tax credit to adoptive families with a gross income of up to $75,000 and
expired at the end of 2001.
On October 15, 2001, Health
and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson announced the release of $8.6
million in grants to start a new program that will raise awareness about
adoption as an option for pregnant women. This money will be used to train
health care workers at federally funded health centers and clinics to
provide pregnant women with information about adoption when providing
counseling and other services. Congress authorized the new training program
as part of the Infant Adoption Awareness Act included in the Children's
Health Act of 2000. This law requires the HHS to start and put in place
programs that will help the staffs at federally funded health centers
be able to provide adoption information and referral to pregnant women
on an equal basis with other alternatives presented to the women.
"These grants are an important
step in making sure that every pregnant woman who is considering her alternatives
understands the benefits of adoption," HHS Assistant Secretary for
Children and Families Wade F. Horn, Ph.D., said. "Potential adoptive
parents are waiting to welcome children into their homes, and all children
deserve a chance to flourish in a loving, permanent family. This program
will bring us closer to helping both parents and children3."
Right to Life of Michigan
Policy Statement - Adoption
In the interest of protecting human life and offering women in crisis
pregnancy situations viable alternatives to abortion, Right to Life of
Michigan fully supports the option of adoption. In supporting this, we
realize that adoption will not be the choice of every woman facing a crisis
pregnancy, but it is a choice that should be available in her decision
making
While there is a surplus of families waiting several years to adopt a child into their home, there are women today being convinced that abortion or child rearing are their only choices. It is important that women in this crisis situation be presented with the life giving choice of adoption and to be informed of the resources available to them
In every adoption situation there are three primary parties involved: the child, birth parents and adoptive parents. We recognize and wish to emphasize that the needs and special interests of each of these parties should be given utmost consideration. We also wish to reaffirm and support the secondary parties to adoption: adoption agencies, government institutions, abortion alternative centers, and other supportive organizations
Our efforts to promote adoption will be directed in three major areas: education, procedural and legal improvements, and enhancing maternal and adoption support services
For further information on adoption, check out these websites:
http://www.adopting.org/ - Inlcudes information, help, links for all groups in adoption process
http://www.adoptioninstitute.org/ - Evan B. Donaldson Adoption Institute web site. Contains statistics, resources, and links
http://www.adoptionattorneys.org/ - American Academy of Adoption Attorneys web site with a directory of adoption attorneys
http://legislature.mi.gov/doc.aspx?mcl-288-1939-X
http://legislature.mi.gov/doc.aspx?mcl-Act-203-of-1994- Michigan Adoption Laws
http://www.mare.org - Michigan Adoption Resource Exchange
http://www.adoptionstatistics.com - Statistics on adoption
References
1Flango, V. and Flango, C. (1994). "The flow of adoption information from the states." Williamsburg, VA: National Center for State Courts.
2 According to Allan Hazlett, president of the American Academy of Adoption Attorneys, "Internet adoption has many couples elated, other hurting," Lansing State Journal, 1/24/01
3Press Release from U.S. Department
of Health and Human Services on October 15, 2002. "HHS Awards First-Ever
Grants to Promote Adoption Awareness."
Produced by: Right to Life of Michigan . PO Box 901 . Grand Rapids, MI 49509 . www.rtl.org
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